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    Walnut

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    Young
    Trees
    Dormancy
    Winter
    Bloom
    Spring
    Fruit Development
    Summer
    Post-Harvest
    Fall

    Nitrogen (N)   
     

    Leaf Analysis

     N to Young Trees

      Soil Applied N

    X

    Phosphorus (P2O5)   
     

    Soil Test

    Leaf Analysis

    P to Young Trees

    Soil Applied P

    X

    Potassium (K2O)   
     

    Soil Test

    Leaf Analysis

    K to Young Trees

      Soil Applied K

    Foliar K

    X

    Acknowledgments

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    References:


    Nitrogen

    1. Anderson, K.K., Grant, J., Weinbaum, S.A., Pettygrove, S., 2006. Guide to efficient nitrogen fertilizer use in walnut orchards. University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 21623.
    2. Beutel, J., Uriu, K., Lilleland, O., 1976. Leaf analysis for California deciduous fruits. In: Reisenauer, H.M. (Ed.) Soil and Plant-Tissue Testing in California. University of California Cooperative Extension Bulletin 1879. pp. 15-17.
    3. Brown, P., 2009. Are critical values for nutrient management in almond and pistachio orchards invalid? Fluid Journal 17(3), Issue #65.
    4. Brown, P.H., Uriu, K., 1998. Nutritional deficiencies and toxicities in walnut: Diagnosis and correcting imbalances. In: Ramos, D.E. (Ed.) Walnut Production Manual. University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 3373. pp. 187-196.
    5. California Plant Health Association, 2002. Western Fertilizer Handbook 9th edition. Interstate Publishers, Inc.
    6. deBuse, C., 2008. Spring Fertilization for Walnuts. University of California Cooperative Extension Tehama County. Fruit and Nuts Notes, April, 2008, 5.
    7. Deng, X., Weinbaum, S.A., DeJong, T.M., 1989. Use of labeled nitrogen to monitor transition in nitrogen dependence from storage to current-year uptake in mature walnut trees. Trees 3, 11-16.
    8. Doll, D., 2010. Tips for maximizing nitrogen use efficiency for almond.
    9. Goodman, R.C., Oliet, J.A., Pardillo, G., Jacobs, D.F., 2013. Nitrogen fertilization of black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) during plantation establishment. Morphology and production efficiency. Forest Science 59, 453-463.
    10. Holtz, B., 2010. Fertilizing one-year old trees – Be careful!
    11. Kelley, K., Grant, J., 2007. Nitrogen budget for walnuts worksheet instructions
    12. Krueger, B., 2008. Guidelines for care of young walnuts from planting through the first season. University of California Cooperative Extension Tehama County. Fruit and Nuts Notes, April, 2008, 4.
    13. Niederholzer, F., 2011. Using urea efficiently.
    14. Niederholzer, F., 2012. Nitrogen use efficiency in almonds. Sacramento Valley Almond News, April 2012.
    15. Olson, B., Shawareb, N., 1996. Effects of pre-plant fertilizers applied in auger hole on the growth of Chandler cultivar walnuts. The Walnut Marketing Board of California. Walnut Research Reports 1996, 301-304.
    16. Richardson, W.F., Meyer, R.D., 1990. Spring and summer nitrogen applications to Vina walnuts. California Agriculture 44(4), 30-32.
    17. Serr, E.F., 1961. Nutritional deficiencies and fertilization practices in California walnut orchards. 52nd Annual Report of the Northern Nut Growers Association. pp 69-74.
    18. Sibbet, G.S., 1993. Effects of one “in tree hole” fertilizer on first year growth of walnut trees planted in a high fertility soil. The Walnut Marketing Board of California. Walnut Research Reports 1993, 189-195.
    19. Sibbett, G.S., Coates, W.W., Edstrom, J., 1998. Orchard planning, design, and planting. In: Ramos, D.E. (Ed.) Walnut Production Manual. University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 3373. pp. 90-98.
    20. Weinbaum, S. van Kessel, C., 1998. Quantitative estimates of uptake and internal cycling of 14N-labeled fertilizer in mature walnut trees. Tree Physiology 18, 795-801.
    21. Weinbaum, S.A., Murooka, T.T., Gatlin, P. B., Kelley, K., 1991. Utilization of fertilizer N by walnut trees. The Walnut Marketing Board of California. Walnut Research Reports 1991, 317-334.
    22. Zasoski, R.J., 1994. Nitrogen efficiency in drip irrigated almonds. FREP Final Report.
    TOP OF PAGE

    Phosphorus

    1. Anderson, K.K., Grant, J., Weinbaum, S.A., Pettygrove, S., 2006. Guide to efficient nitrogen fertilizer use in walnut orchards. University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 21623.
    2. Beutel, J., Uriu, K., Lilleland, O., 1976. Leaf analysis for California deciduous fruits. In: Reisenauer, H.M. (Ed.) Soil and Plant-Tissue Testing in California. University of California Cooperative Extension Bulletin 1879. pp. 15-17.
    3. Brown, P., 2009. Are critical values for nutrient management in almond and pistachio orchards invalid? Fluid Journal 17(3), Issue #65.
    4. Brown, P.H., Uriu, K., 1998. Nutritional deficiencies and toxicities in walnut: Diagnosis and correcting imbalances. In: Ramos, D.E. (Ed.) Walnut Production Manual. University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 3373. pp. 187-196.
    5. Buchner, R.P., Fulton, A.E., Gilles, C.K., Prichard, T.L., Lampinen, B.D., Shackel, K.A., Metcalf, S.G., Little, C.C., Schwankl, L.J., 2008. Effects of regulated deficit irrigation on walnut grafted on ‘Northern California Black’ or ‘Paradox’ rootstock. Acta Horticulturae, no. 792.
    6. Catlin, P.B., 1998. Root physiology and rootstock characteristics. In: Ramos, D.E. (Ed.) Walnut Production Manual. University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 3373. pp. 119-126.
    7. Demirbas, A., 2002. Fuel characteristics of olive husk and walnut, hazelnut, sunflower, and almond shells. Energy Sources, 24, 215-221.
    8. Fulton, A., 2010. Understanding and applying information from a soil test: Part 2 – NPK.
    9. Lavedrine, F., Ravel, A., Villet, A., Ducros, V., Alary, J., 2000. Mineral composition of two walnut cultivars originating in France and California. Food Chemistry 68, 347-351.
    10. Payne, T., 1985. California walnuts and light foods. Cereal Foods World 30, 215-218.
    11. Randoin, L., Legallic, P., Dupuis, Y., Bernardin, A., 1985. Table de composition des aliments. Institut scientifique d'hygiene alimentaire, Ed Lanore, J., Paris.
    12. Ravai, M., 1992. Quality characteristics of California walnuts. Cereal Foods World 37, 362-366.
    13. Reil, W., Sibbett, S., Ramos, D., 1992. Walnut cultivar nutritional evaluation. The Walnut Marketing Board of California. Walnut Research Reports 1992, 271-283.
    14. Serr, E.F., 1960. Walnut orchards on volcanic soils deficient in phosphorus. California Agriculture 14(6), 6-7.
    15. Serr, E.F., 1961a. Nutritional deficiencies and fertilization practices in California walnut orchards. 52nd Annual Report of the Northern Nut Growers Association. pp 69-74.
    16. Serr, E.F., 1961b. Response of Persian walnut to superphosphate. Proceedings of the American Society for Horticultural Science 77, 301-307.
    17. Sibbett, G.S., Coates, W.W., Edstrom, J., 1998. Orchard planning, design, and planting. In: Ramos, D.E. (Ed.) Walnut Production Manual. University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 3373. pp. 90-98.
    TOP OF PAGE

    Potassium

    1. Anderson, K.K., Grant, J., Weinbaum, S.A., Pettygrove, S., 2006. Guide to efficient nitrogen fertilizer use in walnut orchards. University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 21623.
    2. Beutel, J., Uriu, K., Lilleland, O., 1976. Leaf analysis for California deciduous fruits. In: Reisenauer, H.M. (Ed.) Soil and Plant-Tissue Testing in California. University of California Cooperative Extension Bulletin 1879. pp. 15-17.
    3. Brown, P., 2009. Are critical values for nutrient management in almond and pistachio orchards invalid? Fluid Journal 17(3), Issue #65.
    4. Brown, P.H., Uriu, K., 1998. Nutritional deficiencies and toxicities in walnut: Diagnosis and correcting imbalances. In: Ramos, D.E. (Ed.) Walnut Production Manual. University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 3373. pp. 187-196.
    5. Buchner, R.P., Fulton, A.E., Gilles, C.K., Prichard, T.L., Lampinen, B.D., Shackel, K.A., Metcalf, S.G., Little, C.C., Schwankl, L.J., 2008. Effects of regulated deficit irrigation on walnut grafted on ‘Northern California Black’ or ‘Paradox’ rootstock. Acta Horticulturae, no. 792.
    6. Covert, M., Connell, J.H., 2010. Potassium deficiency in walnuts. University of California Cooperative Extension Tehama County. Fruit and Nuts Notes, September, 2010, 10-11.
    7. Catlin, P.B., 1998. Root physiology and rootstock characteristics. In: Ramos, D.E. (Ed.) Walnut Production Manual. University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 3373. pp. 119-126.
    8. Demirbas, A., 2002. Fuel characteristics of olive husk and walnut, hazelnut, sunflower, and almond shells. Energy Sources, 24, 215-221.
    9. Fulton, A., 2010. Understanding and applying information from a soil test: Part 2 – NPK.
    10. Grant, J.A., 1992. Comparison of chloride and sulphate salts as fertilizer sources of potassium for walnuts. The Walnut Marketing Board of California. Walnut Research Reports 1992, 284-287.
    11. Khir, R., Pan, Z., Atungulu, G.G., Thompson, J.F., Shao, D., 2013. Size and moisture distribution characteristics of walnuts and their components. Food and Bioprocess Technology 6, 771-782.
    12. Lavedrine, F., Ravel, A., Villet, A., Ducros, V., Alary, J., 2000. Mineral composition of two walnut cultivars originating in France and California. Food Chemistry 68, 347-351.
    13. Olson, B., 1991. The effects of various potassium (K) levels on Chandler walnut trees, yield, and nut quality. The Walnut Marketing Board of California. Walnut Research Reports 1991, 307-312.
    14. Olson, B., 1995. Comparison of efficiency of potassium application methods to walnuts. The Walnut Marketing Board of California. Walnut Research Reports 1995, 319-334.
    15. Olson, B., Schulbach, H., Uriu, K., 1985. Potassium chloride injection through sprinklers. The Walnut Marketing Board of California. Walnut Research Reports 1985, 233-234.
    16. Olson, B., Uriu, K., Pearson, J., 1989. Comparison of efficiency of potassium application methods to walnuts including injection and distribution through sprinklers. The Walnut Marketing Board of California. Walnut Research Reports 1989, 269-271.
    17. Olson, B., Uriu, K., Pearson, J., 1990. Comparison of efficiency of potassium application methods to walnuts including injection and distribution through sprinklers. The Walnut Marketing Board of California. Walnut Research Reports 1990, 246-249.
    18. Painter, J.H., Raese, J.T., 1965. Mineral content of walnut (Juglans regia L.) hulls, shells, and kernels. Proceedings of the American Society for Horticultural Science 87, 226-228.
    19. Payne, T., 1985. California walnuts and light foods. Cereal Foods World 30, 215-218.
    20. Randoin, L., Legallic, P., Dupuis, Y., Bernardin, A., 1985. Table de composition des aliments. Institut scientifique d'hygiene alimentaire, Ed Lanore, J., Paris.
    21. Ravai, M., 1992. Quality characteristics of California walnuts. Cereal Foods World 37, 362-366.
    22. Reil, W., Sibbett, S., Ramos, D., 1992. Walnut cultivar nutritional evaluation. The Walnut Marketing Board of California. Walnut Research Reports 1992, 271-283.
    23. Serr, E.F., 1961. Nutritional deficiencies and fertilization practices in California walnut orchards. 52nd Annual Report of the Northern Nut Growers Association. pp 69-74.
    24. Sibbett, G.S., Coates, W.W., Edstrom, J., 1998. Orchard planning, design, and planting. In: Ramos, D.E. (Ed.) Walnut Production Manual. University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 3373. pp. 90-98.
    TOP OF PAGE